Right to Adequate Standard of Living

Right to Adequate Standard of LivingRIGHT TO ADEQUATE pattern OF LIVING FOR HEALTH AND WELL-BEINGINTRODUCTION A RIGHT IS NOT WHAT SOMEONE GIVES YOU ITS WHAT NO ONE CAN TAKE FROM YOU Ramsey ClarkHuman rights equal to all benignant beings. Those rights be which is fundamental for living and other adult male existences. Such as, right to live, speech, work, movement, freedom etc. Whatever their nationality, colour, sex, religion, language or all other status they argon all entitled to human rights. Human rights play a great role in everyones life merely not everyone realizes it. Those should not be taken away. They are inalienable. But in some specific cases it foundation be restricted. For example if a person is caught by a court for a crime, the liberty right may be restricted.Engineers have meaningful ways to development. But many of us would wonder what engineers can do with human rights. Indeed engineering has everything to do with human rights. As engineers it would be mor e important to ensure human rights of ours and throng who works with us. Those runway to continue designing and implementing projects protecting standard of all living beings. In the 21 century, it seems that there will be increasing engineering opportunities in the human rights field.So in this assignment we are suppose to understand about human rights and discuss about one human right blotd by the international convection on economics, social and cultural rights.According to International Convention on Economic, Social and Cultural RightsArticle 121. The states parties to the present Covenant recognize the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health.2. The steps to be taken by the States Parties to the present Covenant to achieve the full identification of this right shall include those necessary fora) The provision for the reduction of the stillbirth-rate and of infant mortality and for the healthy development of the ch ildb) The improvement of all aspects of environment and industrial hygienec) The prevention, treatment and control of epidemic, endemic, occupational and other diseasesd) The creation of conditions which would assure to all medical service and medical attention in the event of low-spiritedness.Everyone has the right to a living standard sufficient for the health and well being. Water is one of the measurements of measuring living standard. However without rise to power to irrigate supply other rights could not be exercised such as article 12. So everyone has the right to use clean and accessible body of pissing. And have to making sure that do not get sick from drinkable it and from using it.ACCESS TO SAFE WATER IS A FUNDAMENTAL HUMAN NEED AND THEREFORE A BASIC HUMAN RIGHTKofi Annanhttp//banksandhumanrights.ch/cs-rights?ci=10For everyone the water supply must be sufficient for personal uses. Some uses are drinking, washing, domestic purposes, cooking, and personal hygiene. According to the data of the WHO (World Health Organization), a one person need between 50 and 100 liters of water per day. But due to population growth people cant access safe drink water.Lack access to drinking water nearly one billion peopleLack access to sanitation -nearly 2.6 billion peopleDie from sanitation related diseases per year -nearly 1.6 million peopleFrom WHO dataA boy collecting water from a drinking water pipework following a break in the pipe at Bangalore.http//www.thehindu.com/news/cities/bangalore/activists-rap-bwssbs-leakage-reduction-project/article1063685.eceBecause of using unsafe drinking water there are many health problems have arising in Sri Lanka.Out of the 25 districts, more than 15 districts are affected by this problem. Waters in towns are polluted with domestic sewage and industrial effluents and toxic, and waters in rural areas are polluted with agricultural neutralize and fertilizers.This planet is suitable for living from other planets due to t he availability of water. The amount of drinking water in the world is very few. It is less than one percent. The government should provide safe drinking water to people. But Rathupaswala, Weliweriya water issue is until now to be solved. People in Rathupaswala faced a huge problem about their drinking water. Their drinking water was unhygienic due to an industrial waste of a glove factory in Nedungamuwa.According to observations it was disclosed the PH content in the water was below 3.5 percent. Many residents get their drinking water from shaping tanks. But it was not satisfied..So they had to go to the nearest places looking for water. It has become an added burden to them. People had organized a protest at Weliweriya to regain their rights. But what they have was a rain of bullets instead of water. Three people were killed and over 40 were injured. The military has no right to intervene in civil protest. It is not genuine of involvement of military in civil affairs. We canno t accept it. So this Rathupaswala water problem becomes a human rights violation. This incident shocked the entire country.Eventhough the government has say to remove the glove factory, the problem still exist. Still people in Rathupaswala get their drinking water from black plastic tanks which they were provided.Also there are many serious health problems because of using unsafe drinking water in Sri Lanka.People face difficulties to access drinking water in dry zone.Pipe-borne water coverage in Sri Lanka around 34%.From 2008 national censusSo the rest of the people depending on wells, hand pump tube wells, rain water harvesting tanks,canels,streams etc.Much of agriculture is located in the country hill and then toxic chemicals which are added to agriculture enter the country water system and are delivered to around the country. For example via the Mahaweli,Kelani,Kalu,Walawe.Then people who use this water as drinking water are caused health problems.Beacuse of this water polluti on number of persons suffering from nephritic problems has increased. These diseases were leading death in Vavuniya, Anuradhapura, Polonnaruwa, Trincomalee, and Badulla.What can chemical engineers do about the unsafe water problem?1) This unsafe water and related health problems postulate to be solved urgently. The first thing that needs to be done is stop polluting the water. The factories which are caused water pollution should be established with an environment saving license and make sure they are reducing the use of toxic chemicals enter the water system.2) Another step is treating sewage. Actually Sewage can be treated and reuse after chemical treatment.3) In many situations treatment of water is necessary to make it suitable for drinking. The main health risk is, water is contamination with waste water. This introduces bacterias, viruses and it can be caused for waterborne diseases. So all pathogenic organisms must be removed. The following table shows the removal of some water contaminants by various treatment processes. Treatment processesSedimentationCoagulationFlocculation, sedimentation and filtrationSlow sand filtrationMultistage filtrationChemical oxidation disinfectionWater contaminantsBacteria00+++++++++++++++Viruses00+++++++++++++++Giarda cysts00+++++++++++++Cryptosporidium oocystis00++++++++++Turbidity0+++++++++++++0Suspended solids0+++++++++++++++0Taste and odour++0++++++++++IronandManganese++++++++++++++Fluoride00+000Arsenic00++++0Heavy metals++0+++++++Dissolved Oxygen+000Carbon dioxide00++0Colour and organics00+++++++0 no progeny + positive effect negative effectTable taken fromhttp//www.lenntech.com/small-community-water-supplies.htmixzz2rJmibVU0.Desalination water will become an important water source in Sri Lanaka.It can help with water problems is to build plants to desalinise sea water. There are many ways to remove salt from sea water. Desalination technology will be considered in situations where sufficient water cannot be fo und. In some cases desalinate water may be cheaper. Desalination technology can be divided into two groups. They are desalting technology and membrane desalting. However these two types of methods can be used to get fresh water from sea water in Sri Lanka.Water fluoridationSo as a chemical engineer, by using these methods we can solve this water problem. The world will be a better place when the human rights are approved by all people.Referenceshttp//www.ohchr.org/en/issues/pages/whatarehumanrights.aspxhttp//www.unric.org/en/water/27360-making-water-a-human-righthttp//www.sundaytimes.lk/131020/news/rathupaswala-water-crisis-and-new-moves-to-dam-it-66321.htmlhttp//www.hks.harvard.edu/centers/carr/programs/human-rights-to-water-sanitationhttp//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12926703http//www.lenntech.com/small-community-water-supplies.htm