An Educational Workplace Challenge Essay

â€Å"It is our deep faith that God is compassionate and merciful, and mercy is what he bestows upon His subjects. He is generous and beautiful, and beauty is what he gives. That is how we should see the world, beautiful, with all its resources and contents, known to us or unknown. Qatar, our beloved, is also rich in natural resources. Be it human buds or wild flowers. All are blossoms, all are natural, all are beautiful bearing Qatar’s name. Let us all work together, caring for our little buds. Lets us plant them deep in the consciousness of our land. Let us nurture them with love and care to help them blossom into flowers filled with beautiful scents and filling their surroundings with beauty. † Her Highness Sheikha Moza Bint Nasser Bin Abdullah Al-Missned. (Shafallah 2007) â€Å"A picture says more than a thousand words. † For an educational institution, the vision statement shows the picture of what the school will be at its best. On the one hand, the vision is the very basis for everything that the school, the management, the teachers, the students, their parents and the community, all work for. On the other hand, the mission is the means to achieve this vision. The mission determines the strategies that will be implemented by the school management to achieve its goals and vision. Leadership takes a significant role in the achievement of this mission. This paper discusses workplace challenges and the influence of leadership in the achievement of successful school reforms. The Shafallah Center for Children with Special Needs and its efforts to solve its major problems and improve the implementation of its educational programs will be discussed using the concepts on leadership. Specifically, the paper will focus on the concept of parallel leadership and the roles of the school management and teaching professionals as leaders in influencing the school’s needed reforms. The Workplace The School The Shafallah Center for Children with Special Needs is a non-profit private school located in Doha City, Qatar, providing comprehensive services and care to individuals with departmental learning challenges, their families and the community. It was established in 1998 through the efforts of community leaders who believe in the vitality and importance of the family and the child’s role in the society particularly those children with special needs. They want to provide the children with the best care, services and educational facilities that will enable them to adapt to the surrounding environment in order to live among others in the community, and eventually secure their future. The center provides diagnosis, evaluation, school programs, training and development services for all children with all forms of disabilities from ages three to twenty-one years old. The goals and objectives of the school are: To provide comprehensive educational, instructional, rehabilitation, social, vocational and recreational services for children with special needs. To provide support and family counseling services to families of children with special needs, including individual and group therapy. To provide community awareness on dealing with children with special needs, as well as fostering acceptance and understanding of the nature of disabilities. To provide training opportunities through Shafallah Center and establishing an international entity specializing in this field. To serve as an advocate for public policy and legislative support of appropriate educational and vocational programs for children with special needs. (Shafallah 2007) School funds are generated from local and international grants and from regular tuition and matriculation of the students. The school offers five (5) programs aligned for students depending on age and learning concentration. These are the Pre-school and kindergarten which enrolls students ages 3-5. The school unit 2 is for students aging 6-21 with mild and moderate challenges, its coursework are in pre-academic, academic and pre-vocational and emphasizes on social and daily life skills. Unit 3 caters to students with mild and severe intellectual and developmental disabilities from ages 6-21; its programs are aimed to increase independence and activities are centered on daily living, self care and basic communication including socialization and leisure education. Unit 4 is designed for those diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders, ages ranging from 6-21. The program uses the model TEACCH (Treatment and Education of Autistic Related Communication Handicapped Children) and other models tailored for these children.

Skagen Design Report

Skagen Designs Group 4 Q1. What screening criteria should Skagen Designs use in connection with its choice of new markets for its watch collection? When Skagen Design chooses the new markets and use the connection with them, at first, they have to care about price. Competitive price is not only one of the essential of their brand, but also the easiest method to enter new markets, especially in developing markets. In watch markets, you can see which markets is developed or developing from the charts, after looking at those, you will see which strategies Skagen Design needs to enter into each market with.Somehow, competitive price is qualified advantage in any markets, of course, it is a lot more affecting to developing markets. So, Skagen Design need to keep the low price and proper quality, of course, with their characteristic design either. Next, aside from price, they also have to separate market into developed & developing markets in watch markets as I mentioned already. By dividi ng them into two groups, they can decide which strategy they will adapt to, for instance, if the market is developed market, they have to upgrade their quality.It will charge more cost, so the price should be higher, but the customer in market doesn’t need normal one, so it is necessary. Meanwhile, if the market is still developing market, the best way to attract them is to keep low price with proper quality. Also, Skagen Design has simple design, it could make easy to adapt slight change from local needs. Third, Skagen Design should check whether the market has any forces with international trade such as high tariff.It is basic step before getting into the market, since Skagen Design has not bigger brand power comparing to competitors such as Gap, Calvin Klein, it has to be emphasized with quality and low price. With high tariff, it ain’t possible to keep lower price than local brand, and not even other international brands which has good online markets. So, if the ma rket has high tariff or regulation from its government, Skagen Design should operate their business in small step such as online supply.It is uncontrollable part for every watch companies to change the market situation, so it has to keep checked, since it is also possible to get first mover’s advantage if Skagen Design gets into new market with low regulation at first/ Last, no matter how the market is developed & developing or has different situation, Skagen Design has to keep their watch proper quality and design. It is essential for every business to keep them. Consumers never buy crappy product again, also the product from those brand images.Even though Skagen Design could offer lower price than others, their brand shouldn’t be same to local anonymous brand images, so they have to keep their brand characteristic, either. Quality & characteristic design are always the most important parts in every markets, and competitive advantages for business success. Q2. Make a specific choice of new markets for Skagen Designs. Table 1 and Table 2 can be used to support your argument. The characteristics of Skagen Designs are colours, shapes, and simplicity, etc.However, one of the most competitive characteristics is competitive price. Their high turnover has been kept for decades, and it’s originally started from competitive price, of course, its design either. To choose which markets Skagen Designs get into, they have to consider not only how much retail volume they have, but also how much they are afford to pay for watch. At least, they have advantage with their price comparing to competitors like Calvin Klein, Coach, Guess, Gucci, Swatch, Alfex and Jacob Jensen, etc, somehow it could make their product more successful in retail market.About retail volume, we can confirm it from Table 1 and Table 2. From Table 1, retail volume in thousands of units can be estimated, for sure, USA market has been still the biggest market since the research started from 2003. Also, we can see interesting raise in India market, their retail volume has been growing rapidly the most. Now, India market has the second biggest retail volume in thousands of unit, and it is even same to USA almost. Looking at number of watches per 1,000 people, Mexico has showed highest ratio, and India’s ratio is still the lowest.From Table 1, we can see Mexico, Netherland, South Africa, Sweden have the greatest number of watches, and opposite to it, India, China, Japan, Belgium have the lowest number of watches. Aside from Table 1, Table 2 shows value of different watches, which also shows the biggest and the lowest markets as well. From Table 2, USA, Japan, UK are the biggest one, in opposite to Belgium, Hungary which are the lowest one. One thing we can discover here is counties with biggest retail market have not so big volume value of watch market.Also $ per capita shows similar aspect, from Table 2, we can see the separation between developed market and growing market. Already developed markets have the biggest $ per capita when it comes to market, meanwhile growing markets have the lowest one. It is same with value of watch markets. So, from those charts, we can suggest potential markets for Skagen Design would be Mexico, India or China. Skagen can offer them average quality with lower price than competitor’s, also their design is so simple and never follow established trends that it can be adapted in growing market easily.It can be adapted to local needs slightly with marketing. Meanwhile, when Skagen Design enters into developed market, it doesn’t need to adapt local needs or adaptation. What only they have to care is more high quality with higher price, so it can’t be good market as much as first one. Q3. Which market entry mode should Skagen Design use on the chosen markets? First of all, you have to know what is a market entry mode  : this is an institutional arrangement which is necessary for the entr y of a company’s products into a new foreign market.There are three different types of entry mode: – Export – Intermediate – And hierarchical mode There are few factors that influence the market entry mode choice. These factors are externs or interns, or specifics. The market entry mode is different between countries with low, medium and high standard of living. Firm’s products are manufactured in the domestic market or a third country and then transferred either directly or indirectly to the host market. Three types of exporting: 1. Indirect mode 2. Direct mode 3. Cooperative mode |Lowest US $ per capita |Medium US $ per capita |High US $ per capita | |Indirect export mode |Is the process of exporting through | | | | |domestically based export | | | | |intermediaries, but the exporter has no| | | | |control over its products and over the | | | | |marketing decisions. | | | | | | | | |Fast market access. | | | | | | | | | |No infrastructures are b uilt. | | | | |Low sale promotion. | | | |No market researches are carried out. | | | |Direct export mode | |If the international markets are considered as a | | | | |crucial part of the company’s success the direct | | | | |exporting is the best market entry tool. | | | |Using own sales subsidiary and direct marketing | | | | |(including mail order and telemarketing). | | | | |Low infrastructures are built. | | | | |Market researches are carried out upon secondary | | | | |data. | | | | | | | | |The business can use: | | | | |Distributors | | | | |Market country agents | | |Intermediate mode | |The intermediate mode is used to transfer the | | | | |knowledge and the skills to the local | | | | |producer/seller. | | | | | | | | | |There is no full ownership by the parent firm | | | | |involved, but ownership and control can be shared | | | | |between the firm and the local partner. | | | | | | | | |Four types of intermediate entry modes: | | | | |Licensing | | | | |Franchis ing | | | | |Contract manufacturing | | | | |Joint ventures | | |Hierarchical mode | | |Solid infrastructure. | | | | |Sponsoring artists, athletes and | | | | |events. | | | |Market research, qualitative & | | | | |quantitative. | | | | |Aggressive marketing campaign. | | | | |Sales promotion. | | | | |Market coverage: Intensive | Each kind of countries has one appropriate mode concerning its export, and each of these modes are listed in the table above. Q4.What should be the guidelines for including other products lines in the Skagen Designs collection? Including other products mean want to have an expansion? : you can add a new product to expand your business; just be sure to take these four steps before moving forward:? Determine the specific needs of your customers in each high-priority market segment.? Identify the product/service bundles (groups of features) that would be most attractive to them. Create a unique value proposition for the proposed line extensions and decide ho w you'll position the product in the market segments you've identified. ? Determine the sales and distribution channels that will achieve the highest penetration of your target market segments.In all, you'll need to use market research and speak customers and marketing partners or distributors and evaluate competitive products. This will help you to validate the present level of demand for the product and the best channels for sales distribution, plus shape the product messaging. If you do your homework and proceed with an analytical eye, your line extension will increase sales, help you reach new markets and build market share overall for your growing business Having a guideline represents choosing the right segmenting, targeting and positioning. Segmentation [pic] Targeting [pic] Positioning The positioning is the process by which marketers try to create an image or identity in the minds of their target market.So, the guidelines for introducing other products lines are mainly resp ecting the positioning. For Skagen, we can describe the brand as simple, elegant and affordable. It is indeed very elegant with technical precision and a true original design. It means that a new line of products has to be part of this universe; it means something chic, no food or others. Furthermore, it has to need a technical precision because they could have an advantage using their expertise with that kind of materials. It has to be simple. Indeed, for example, the super slim line is totally purified, simple. The watches are non-numerical, the logo is very discreet. So the new line has to be made in a very simple style.Last but not least, it has to be an affordable product. It means that they have to find way to produce it almost low cost. And so it has to be a product which can be made almost low cost. Ideas for the future of new products – High quality & design pen as Rolex for example – Clothes as Calvin Klein for example Q5. Which criteria should Skagen Designs use for its selection of future sponsor partners? First of all, it is interesting to give a little definition of sponsorship to understand the interest for companies to make some partnership. After that it must easier to define some criteria in the selection of future sponsor partner. Sponsoring:Supporting an event, activity or organization by providing money or other resources that is of value to the sponsored event. This is usually in return for advertising space at the event or as part of the publicity for the event. [1] For Skagen Designs it can be really interesting to set up a sponsoring policy. Sponsoring is one of the best ways of communication for two reasons. Firstly, it is a good tool to highlight and precise the positioning of Skagen Designs thanks to an event or a celebrity really famous and know by everyone. Secondly, this kind of partnership makes advertisements more visible. For example in the past, Skagen Designs had a partnership with the famous TV series Ally McB eal.This sponsoring corresponded to the Skagen Designs targeting (active population, 25-45 years old with a fashion sensitivity) and to the positioning also (classy, elegant and affordable). Moreover, people who loved ally McBeal and who recognize themselves in the series must be more sensitive to the brand Skagen Designs. It was a really good promotion. Indeed, when the sponsorship is well selected, it allows identifying with a particular target market or lifestyle and so attracting customers, easier. The first reason is increasing of awareness of brand name and then, reinforcing perceptions of key brand image associations. For example, every time people watched Ally McBeal, they thought Skagen Designs.The sponsoring makes the brand alive and present everyday in the life of customers. As any decisions, nevertheless, sponsor partnership can be risky. That’s why we speak about selection. One of the difficulties of sponsorship it is hard to measure and predict success and outco me. Another risk depends on the sponsored person’ image which can change because of an event or a situation. This can affect the brand credibility and associate the brand with this bad event or behavior and change perception of brand values. That is why it is important to establish a list of criteria in order to make a good selection amount the different sponsor partnerships available.Firstly the partnership has to be in adequacy with Skagen Designs values and strategy: †¢ The sponsorship has to be in line with the business and communication objectives. †¢ It has to be a strategic fit between the events target markets and Skagen Design? s. †¢ The sponsorship must match the targeted market and be able to reach it. Finally the sponsor partnership has to be in line with the positioning and targeting in order to touch the customer and attract him: †¢ The sponsorship must generate sufficient awareness, possess the desired image and create the desired effects. à ¢â‚¬ ¢ The consumers have to see attributions for the sponsor’s engagementTo conclude, Skagen Desings has to focus on its values and keep in mind its strategic direction for the brand. Then it must be easier to choose a partner by following the criteria. Finally by following up and evaluating the sponsorship Skagen Designs will be able to decide if it’s better to continue or stop the sponsorship. Q6. Skagen Designs is considering online sales of his watches. What problems and possibilities do you see for the company in this area? On this basis what are your conclusions? Nowadays, every brand is most of the time at least a brand â€Å"click and mortar†, if it is not a â€Å"pureplayer†. Nevertheless, the online trade cannot be adapted to every type of brand. Indeed, the brand universe has to be able to be put on the internet.Furthermore, when competitors start to sell on the internet, if you do not want to lose market share, you have no choice: you have to fight their advantages and so start considering selling online. First, we have to remember what an online sale is. An online sale is a form of electronic commerce which allows consumers to directly buy goods or services from a seller over the Internet without intermediary services. So, we can think that a luxury brand such as Skagen, which anyway looks luxury, will lose its ability to advice consumers, one of his strengths. Furthermore, those watches are pretty technical products and so require some expertise. However, there must be some advantages. It is important to say that Skagen has already a website and is already selling on this website, so every watch can be purchased on the internet.Indeed, for example, you can choose a watch, click on it to have a bigger view of it, and then you can â€Å"add it to the bag†. You can then see your â€Å"bag† on which you see the price of your watch and of the shipping. The last step is to do the check out by giving your perso nal address, and of course, paying. As a consequence, we can think that Skagen took its decision: they decided to sell by the internet also. Now, what means â€Å"problems and possibilities†. A problem is an obstacle. A possibility is more an opportunity. It means in this case how the website can be done, what possibilities they have. But also, it means what opportunities it will bring.So, we can think that the expression â€Å"problems and possibilities† refers to the â€Å"Threats and Opportunities† in the SWOT analysis. First, it is an opportunity because customers are not the same nowadays. The new customer is always in a hurry, always wants to change his style, optimizes a lot his time in the transport by using his cellphone. So, of course, if the competitors start to sell on the internet, Skagen customers, which are young and active people, will lose their faithfulness toward Skagen finding better answers to their needs. Second, as it was said, the typical Skagen customer is the typical person who spends a lot of time buying on the internet and who is very comfortable with new technologies.It means that it will not be a problem for him to buy at the online store, and even, it will bring new customers: this main target, the one of Skagen, is sometimes so much active that it does not have time to buy and sometimes, he is totally willing to buy in another country but cannot because there is no online store. As a consequence, it means that more than an advantage, creating an online store was necessary for Skagen’s customers. Plus, every brand does not have exactly the same target. We can guess that because, for example, Alfex is still not selling on the internet, you can just click on â€Å"where to buy† on its website. Third, but it is a detail, it quite easy to establish some advantages for faithful customers on the internet. For example, reductions, special sales. And it is easily accessible. These advantages can also be combined with partners.Indeed, Skagen, choosing to start selling on the internet can start having good partners for complementary items such as clothes for example. However, we can observe that most of this brand does not make any promotion for other brands. We can think that it is because the world of watches is an â€Å"elegant† world; it means that websites are really modern and purified. Fourth, we can think that it could be cheaper to sell on the internet because you do not have to pay a so huge rent and you do not have to pay the sells staff. However, of course, there are some disadvantages. First, it is a quite precise and technical product: some exigent customer can feel lost, even if it is well described they might need still more details.Details that are so numerous that it cannot be put on a website for example if you have some risks to break a bit your diamonds on the watch if you go on the shower with it. Second, Skagen will always have to watch the markets evol ution and to be able to answer very quickly to demands. It means a lot of stocks and money. This is an aspect of starting selling online: selling online is a job in itself, you have a lot of technics to acquire such as how to ship your products for example. And, because it is a lot of money, you have to calculate if it is really worth it to sell on the internet and if it is, how you will do it without huge amounts of moneys. Beside, details which is important for Skagen which is a brand whose positioning is selling very pretty products at affordable prices.Third, Skagen, as clothes, is a fashion brand, it means that people requires style from it. And, as they do with clothes, they might want to try it to see how it feels and how it fits their clothes. And, indeed, it is the main problem with online stores. But, anyway, it is less grave for watches than for clothes. However, we can notice that on their website we only see their watches alone, which means that it hard to imagine how i t looks on a wrist. Some competitors such as Jacob Jensen or Guess still have this trouble, they should all of them do as Alfex, show it on the wrist of a model also. As a result, it was almost mandatory for them to go on the internet.Indeed, they have the perfect target, it can be cheaper and they are an affordable brand because they can produce low cost, their competitors start to sell on the internet and this type of products which are objects and not clothes or food, can be quite easily sold on the internet. The disadvantages are really negligible comparing to the advantages. We can anyway to go more far think that they could do it in another way such as proposing pictures of people wearing it and even proposing some clothes style to fit with it. ———————– [1] http://www. tutor2u. net/business/marketing/promotion_sponsorship. asp ———————– Report 2013/02/19 INTERNATIONAL MARKETING SODERTORNS HOGSKOLA

Stakeholder Theory Application

Stakeholder theory, popular in the sass, advised that corporations should look beyond the shareholders theory of profit minimization, and take into consideration other stakeholder groups that the company is associated with, and have involved in their legitimate interests or contribution to the company (Ninja and Howell, 2011). Groups of stakeholder might be customers, employees, suppliers, authorities, shareholders etc†¦ Yet they share the different but significant influences in business operations and take into account responsibilities to work for their interests which elates to the company. This critical review aims to understand the conceptualization of stakeholder theory in business ethic model, address the argument/challenge circulate the application of the theory, and criticize to find a solution or suggestion for the dispute in the limitation of individual work.Business ethic model is a form of applied or professional ethics which can be assigned into all aspects of busin ess conduct, possibly individual's manner or organization's culture, controlling the way of working as well as behavior. Within the context of business ethic model, stakeholder theory acts as a managing tool for managers to resolve conflicts from reciprocal to antagonistic influencing powers inside or outside the company. A business ethic model may vary from low to high level of compliance.Once noticed the groups of stakeholders and their level of interest/association with the company, managers can also leverage their priorities' supervision in motivation as well as attempt to resolve the conflicts in orders. In another words, stakeholder theory is serving the business ethics as boosting up the equitable capitalism and co-produce the Corporate Social Responsibility (CAR) internally and externally (Kale, J. , 2006) One of the main arguing points in the application of stakeholder theory to business ethic model is the implementation of this tool in the complicated reality of business e nvironment.Stakeholder groups are various in ranges and diversified in competing interests. In the ethic model, it is more and more complicated with the term subjective â€Å"moral† which is belonging to the very own perspectives of individual/organizations to set a specific standard. Then how ND which measures should company take to detect, use and control those valuable source of information to achieve maximized productivity from stakeholders? If it is possible to employ the tools, then could the company balance all these differences to achieve stable and sustainable stage of interests?Kale discussed that â€Å"the manner and depth to which any particular interest should be served can be determined on the basis of nature and degree of the (role-specific) responsibility involved† (Kale,J. 2002). SUGGESTIONS FOR INFLECTING TOOLS The result of this determination process can be found in the criteria that business eight set for themselves in the attempt to set up competin g interests, in according with their strategy, business model and organization culture.Obviously, in the nature of business, the most powerful and influenced stakeholders, defined by businesses, are the persons will take lead to the organization's operation. However, with what standard that the business uses to detect their substantial groups of stakeholder is a challenge for each organization's own culture. Once the corporation identify groups of stakeholders and their interests, it is necessary for it to create value proposition ND propose for the groups, typically in finance benefits (price, volume, target, etc†¦ , functional activities (productivities, choice of flexibility, etc†¦ ) or emotional interests (security, trust, etc†¦ ). This value proposition then needs to be balanced with the â€Å"return on investment† perspective of business; in another word, business need to determine what they are seeking from each stakeholder group. It is important and cri tical for the company after this assessment stage that they should compare the capabilities needed with offers of interests they have to create a profitable model to engage the trade-offs among groups of stakeholder.This tool helps become a mean to manage and track competing interest and return on investment for the business in accordance with a set key performance indicators established from the beginning. CONCLUSION Stakeholder theory is applied to business ethic model as a useful tool to identify and manage competing interests within the business ethic environment. It is discussing successfully in this review about the possibility and method that business use the theory as an implementing tools and applicable standards to identify interest and capture the returned benefits.

FNP questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

FNP questions - Essay Example Some showing healing facilities offer 3-year confirmation programs in nursing; nonetheless, these projects are uncommon. Most Rns gain cohort degrees or four-year certifications in nursing. My expert foundation begins with a copartner degree in nursing from my group professional montage. I have been in preparing on the group clinic while as of now completing my course. The things that I managed are Adult and family wellbeing, Psychiatric nursing, Pharmacology, Human advancement, Anatomy and physiology to practice in the calling, enlisted medical attendants must be authorized. While licenses prerequisites fluctuate as indicated by state, they regularly incorporate section of a state-affirmed preparing project and the National Council Licenser Examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN). Directed by the National Council of State Boards of Nursing, the NCLEX-RN blankets subjects like psychosocial and physiological honesty, wellbeing advancement and contamination control. Contingent upon the state, Rns may be obliged to meet extra licenser necessities. With respect to me, I have fulfilled all the prerequisites and have turned into an ensured medical caretaker (Pfeiffer, W ickline, Deetz & Berry, 2012). A Nurse Practitioner (NP) is an enrolled medical caretaker who has typically finished either a graduate degree or doctoral degree and experienced preparing in the judgment and administration of basic medicinal conditions. After I completed my preparation as an Rns I kept on becoming a FNP my experience as a FNP was overpowering with a bigger number of obligations and more work than my past status. The education has definitely increased with more books and more practice in the hospitals. Working with a mixture of patients, from pediatric to geriatric, or represent considerable authority in one of various conceivable regions, for example, neo-natal serious forethought, heart mind, neurologic

The Immigration Act of 1924 may or may not have been successful, but Essay

The Immigration Act of 1924 may or may not have been successful, but if nothing else, it created the illusion of success. Discus - Essay Example Section 11(a) of the aforementioned law states that, "The annual quota of any nationality shall be two per centum of the number of foreign-born individuals of such nationality resident in continental United States as determined by the United States Census of 1890, but the minimum quota of any nationality shall be 100†. However, the law does not just stop from the restrictive quota, it also made a sweeping ban against Asians from entering the United States with the exception of the Filipino and Japanese citizens. With the implementation of the Immigration Act of 1924, immigrants from Eastern European counties saw a drastic decrease in number while there was not much effect to the Northern and Western European immigrants. As a result the law unintentionally created a divide which implies that the people from Eastern Europe were inferior and disfavored as compared with the rest of the continent. Likewise, the law also created the same divide in Asia because of the imposition of th e Asiatic barred zone, which in simple terms, banned all citizens of Asian countries from entering the US pursuant to a provision in Section 11(d) of the law which excludes  Ã¢â‚¬Å"aliens ineligible to citizenship or their descendants†. ... The violation resulted in tension and strained relations between Japan and the US in the 1920s. The only exception was the citizens of the Philippines, a US colony. However, this privilege was only short-lived because in 1934, the Tydings-McDuffie Act was passed into law which declared the Philippines as an independent and sovereign state effective July 4, 1946 but removed the Filipino people’s status as US nationals effective immediately. With its status as an independent state, the Philippines was given an immigration quota of only 50 immigrant visas per year. But then again, when World War II erupted, the US armed forces needed personnel so they reclassified the Filipinos as US nationals and enlisted them into the US army. Taken altogether, the Immigration Act created a big impact on the movement of people towards America. Apparently, in the years that followed, immigration statistics look very different from its earlier data. After 1924, there was a drastic decrease if not total elimination of immigrants from the barred Asian countries as well as the Eastern European states. In contrast, the ratio of Northern and Western Europeans vis-a-vis the total number of immigrants for each year dramatically increased because their competitions were literally stifled. If we evaluate the Immigration Act of 1924 within its own context and in terms of its declared purpose, which is â€Å"To limit the immigration of aliens into the United States,† then I would say that the law has been successful. However, it has also been successful in creating a common resentment among the citizens of the excluded countries who also want their share of milk and honey. In essence, the law had successfully created a selective and discriminatory process on who can

Evaluating Finances of A Non Profit Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Evaluating Finances of A Non Profit - Essay Example Casey Foundation). Headquartered in Baltimore, Maryland, the Annie E. Casey Foundation has been working to promote the well-being of our nation’s most vulnerable children for 60 years. Established in 1948 by UPS co-founder Jim Casey and his siblings in honor of their mother, the Foundation’s first grants supported a camp for disadvantaged children near the Casey family home in Seattle (The Annie E. Casey Foundation). The Company’s funding happens through certain programs like Casey Family Programs, an independent operating foundation headquartered in Seattle, which provides long-term foster care and other child and family serving programs and Juvenile Detention Alternative Initiatives etc. The Annie E. Casey Foundation makes grants that help states, cities, and neighborhoods create more innovative, cost-effective responses to these needs. Grant making is limited to initiatives in the United States that have significant potential to demonstrate innovative policy, service delivery, and community supports—especially investments that encourage long-term strategies and partnerships to strengthen families and communities. As of December 31, 2006, the Foundation has approved grant funds for payments to various organizations and projects of up to approximately $173 million, contingent upon the organizations performance of obligations specified in the grant agreements. The Casey Foundation’s approach to grant making focuses on making multiyear, multi-site commitments that enables them to invest in long-term strategies and partnerships that strengthen families and communities. The organization uses its resources to partner with and forge collaborations among institutions, agencies, decision makers, and community leaders so they can work together to transform tough places to raise families.   The organization also funds research, technical assistance, and multi-site demonstrations that help service and support

Software Engineering Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Software Engineering - Essay Example by which a hacker or a foreign source can enter in another system can exploit that system by deleting the data or stealing the information from that system thus the whole architecture of system can be modified. The vulnerabilities in chat application cause a lot of problem as it is to enter other system’s domain. The vulnerabilities are found in every operating system so if we are chatting either through Windows or through Linux or UNIX, we have to secure our system. There are many vulnerabilities found in which mainly are multiple vulnerabilities in Yahoo Messenger, multiple vulnerabilities in BIND and SNMP, Buffer Overflow in Microsofts MSN Chat ActiveX Control etc. In the case Yahoo Messenger, multiple vulnerabilities are found. The hacker can easily enter the domain of the other system and hack that system easily by using some codes which may be written in JAVA or some other languages. The yahoo messenger is use every where in the world and so it has to secures but still some soft spots exist. And vulnerabilities like a buffer overflow and URL validation vulnerability exist. The vulnerabilities like VU#137115, VU#172315 exist. These vulnerabilities are due to the buffer overflow in URI handler (VU#137115) and other one is caused as the addview function permits the other arbitrary codes to execute in its own system. Thus the hacker can send some scripts to other system and can exploit the situation. Thus due to these vulnerabilities and others the remote attacker can easily modify other system. The Yahoo Messenger has removed these vulnerabilities by using advance version like Yahoo! Messenger version 5,0,0,1058, released February 25, 2002 or by server side solution. The Yahoo Messenger whenever is

Syria and United States of America International Relations Essay

Syria and United States of America International Relations - Essay Example Al-Assad since he there is evidence that he used chemical weapons against his citizens. The main challenge in this study is trying to predict the future actions of the two parties and also try to predict the future direction of Syrian internal conflict. In an attempt establish an answer to these questions; we are able to determine the possible answers to minor questions that rise during our investigations. Such questions include; will U.S involve itself in direct military action or will it settle to the use of diplomacy in relation to Syria? What security threats does Syria present to the U.S? And what is the likely conflict resolution action between the two nations?I developed an interest to this research topic since because Syria as a small country has been involved in reckless usage of chemical weapons in the 21st century. No other county has in present time has been involved in such action. Furthermore, the action and attitude of the Syrian president doesn’t seem to be apo logetic although he is openly going against the global policies on the protection of human rights. This becomes a place of interest to try and analyze what actions the world powers are likely to take in curbing this situationAccording to the united stated department, United States of America started advocating for diplomacy with Syria as early as in the 1944 but in 1967 Syria Severed the diplomacy during the time of Arab-Israeli conflict. The relationship between the two states soured as the U.S portrays Syria as a nation.

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 141

Assignment Example For instance, the country should develop road and railway networks in the country within the next ten years. Qatari leaders should also ensure that communication networks are developed with the latest advancements in technology. Qatar also aims at providing employment to the youths through government initiated projects. The next ten years would see an influx in the number of youths in well-paying jobs. Qatar is also a beautiful country with a pleasant climate. This makes it a destination point to several tourists from all over the world. If this continues, then the country will have a stable tourism industry in the next ten years. Qatar depends solely on oil as a source of its revenue. In as much as the oil reserves cannot be depleted any time soon; Qatar should stop its overdependence on oil imports. It should look for another avenue to invest. For instance, Qatar should pump in resources in the tourism sector to increase the revenues obtained from it. Qatar is also affected by food instability. This is because of the desert that occupies the large part of the region. The country would face lots of problems in the next ten years should better ways of practicing irrigation are not implemented. In conclusion, Qatar should make sure its political stability is maintained in the next ten years. This is because that is the only way it will keep up with the development projects it has initiated. Additionally, Qatari leaders should take caution and not let the wave of unrest affecting some of the Middle East countries crop into

Creation of a navigation system for impaired hearing persons Essay

Creation of a navigation system for impaired hearing persons - Essay Example This report has outlined some of the main stages, their requirements, operational needs, and other valuable details. I hope this research will offer a brief idea of development of navigational system for impaired hearing people. 5 A lot of people have hearing problems. In addition, a number of people have difficulties to discover their way back home or to other places by foot. Until now, there are lots of products available for both problems, however there are no such systems or devices, which are resolving both difficulties at the same time. So, I have decided to develop a navigation system for impaired hearing persons. This report will provide a brief introduction of different aspects of navigation system development for hearing impaired persons. The development of the system will started after collecting the system main development requirements. In this phase we will require to conduct a detailed analysis of overall system development requirements analysis. For this task we need to take requirements through an extremely carefully way. This involves the better understanding of the main problems and difficulties faced by these people and needs for the system for their movement and navigation within specific areas. For this purpose we need to conduct detailed interviews, analytical studies, and surveys for collecting the main requirements from impaired hearing people. This process will be most sensitive area or phase of this system development process. This will involve the designing of system for hearing impaired persons, which will offer them better and automatic navigation all through their way. This area will require extensive user interface designing and interaction research. This system will need a special type of system that involves the enhanced user interface specially designed for hearing impaired persons. This will involve some special treatment for the people who have less number are interaction means to world. Here we will add some

Can Lebanon have peace if they started a Truth and Reconciliation Essay

Can Lebanon have peace if they started a Truth and Reconciliation Committee like South Africa - Essay Example The Maronite Christian and Muslim communities have fighting for equitable sectarian political power sharing among them. This paper discusses if there can be peace in Lebanon when a Truth and Reconciliation Committee (TRC) is established just like in the case of South Africa. Truly, it is extremely difficult to distinguish victims from the offenders during a civil war. There have been many attempts to bring peace in the Lebanese community but these peace talks ignore the underlying causes of the conflict such as the political, social and confessional cleavages. Arguably, reparative justice can effectively address the assumed disagreement between justice, peace and reconciliation. Reparative justice is built on various elements including, active participation of the offender and victim; exploration of the motives and main causes by the offender and victim; consideration of necessary outcomes for restitution by the offender, victim and the community at large; and reconciliation of the antagonistic groups among others. According to Quinn (11), power sharing and social transformation are very important in the reconciliation process. Arguably, discovering the truth can be done by pardoning main actors thereby creating the feeling of injustice in the society. It can also be done behind the doors so as to avoid disclosure of the witnesses. Even though this process is not inclusive and can be criticized by many people, it is the key to a lasting reconciliation. Special tribunal for Lebanon was established for many reasons including trying those who were suspected of assassinating Lebanese Prime Minister, Hariri and many other people (Moriarty and Eva 147). Notably, traditional tribunal systems would not be effective in Lebanon, as it would promote the existing cleavages instead of conquering them. The Lebanese officials ignored both justice and reconciliation and as a result, justice

Early Italian Renaissance Essay Example for Free

Early Italian Renaissance Essay The intellectual concepts as well as the trends during a particular period in time are manifested in various ways. One means by which the situations in a specific time frame could be express is through the arts. Arts in the form of paintings, statues, and even in the construction of church or basilicas also symbolize the kind of thinking during the era that they were created. This is evident during the early Italian renaissance wherein the art forms during that time embodies the intellectual concerns of their society. According to the Columbia Encyclopedia (2007), the art forms created in this geographic part of the world that is now known as the country of Italy. The art works produced in this country have motivate the public interest and participation that is why there is a continuous production of monumental and spectacular art forms. In relation to this, Italian works of art has almost always been related with the intellectual as well as the religious events of the time. Furthermore, Italian art has been continuous source of inspiration for many people. The early Italian renaissance art is characterized by its observance of the medieval art, which gives priority to religious traditions and belief. However, it introduced a new idea, which is the importance given to the value and capability of the human person. This kind of mentality is the main idea that the renaissance period emphasized. Great artists like Guido of Siena, Cimabue, and Duccio di Buoninsegna have created many paintings that retain the Byzantine conventions that adhere to religious arts but they also established a new naturalism and a direct importance to human emotions in their art. This is greatly exemplified by the sculpture of Nicola Pisano as well as the fresco painting of Pietro Cavallini in Rome (Columbia Encyclopedia, 2007). The early Italian renaissance is the starting point wherein various art forms flourished. It was also during this time that paintings exhibit a new life and warmth that is similar to the intellectual revolution that is happening in the country in the light of renaissance. Reference ________. (2007). Italian Art. The Columbia Encyclopedia. Retrieved August 1, 2008, from http://www. bartleby. com/65/it/Ital-art. html.

Performance Management System in British Airways

Performance Management System in British Airways Abstract As a company develops and takes on additional employees, the management of that company becomes a great concern. Different companies have currently started systems of performance management; as getting requiring aims has meant improving cultures of performance management across companies. In this paper we will discuss about the performance management style in British Air line. We will define Performance management in British Airline as an integrated and strategic style to presenting sustained achievement to corporation, in this situation BA, with developing the performance of the staffs through improving the abilities of team and individual participators. We will describe that system of a performance management sets out to make aim and objectives of BA to assure that BA is successful and staffs perform to the maximum probable standard. This research will also recognise any complications with BA in the type of developed performance. It is compulsory to make whether systems of performa nce management will enhance BA because they influence every person in the corporation. Performance Management System in British Airways Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Back Ground Management of performance, as relating to human resource management (HRM), is the system of presenting continued achievement to companies through developing abilities of staffs. It encourages the philosophical value that staffs are not capital presenter of companies with an aggressive benefit (Stankard, 2002). Management of performance demonstrates different confrontations in terms of logical implementation. Earlier researches have greatly failed to control different organizational constraints on its excellent execution. Overwhelming obstacles to modification is particularly compulsory presented their close connection to the achievement of the psychological agreement and concerned systems of HRM. The psychological agreement construct comprises of the presence of a soft group of anticipations held through the staff, which have to be managed. Within the connection demonstrated through these constructs, the employer and the staff inform, discuss, observe and then re-negotiate the relati onship of employment. In current management, different corporations focus the significance of performance management. Why is performance management so essential to organizations? Is performance management a compulsory exercise to corporations? Performance management is a method to management, which staffs and managers are unified to achieve aims of corporations (Locke, 1997). Aims are described, and results are then recognised to obtain the aims, which were apparently described. Promises of managers and staffs are achieved, to obtain the recognised results, and results are observed. In fact, performance management is a continuing method that continually calculated, observed and managed the general performance in a corporation (Stankard, 2002). Performance management has become gradually more essential from the generally extensively applied performance appraisal system to an incorporated and continues method of these days. Performance management in current human resources (HR) exercise is no longer depends on the value rating form as the individual measurement. Performance management describes aims, and recognised results to obtain aims. Staffs and managers are dedicated to obtain the recognised results, and observe results. Studies confirm that organizations that applied performance management fares excellent in terms of non-fiscal and monetary features than those corporations that do not exercise performance management. Therefore, the recognition of performance management and its styles for current corporations is compulsory in deciding and guaranteeing its aggressive benefit in the ever-modifying environment of business (Locke, 1997). Style of Performance management in British Airline is incorporated into corporation at various positions, to achieve the broader concerns of corporation where as simultaneously obtaining the similar aims (Irwin, 2002). Dissimilar standards of incorporation which performance management focuses to achieve are; vertical incorporation which connect the business, objectives of individual and team, functional incorporation which connect various parts of BA, integration of HR which connects development of business, development of HR and reward in order to obtain a coherent manner to controlling staffs and lastly the incorporation of individual requirements with BA to make the excellent performance. Systems of performance management focus to make a shared consideration about what is to be obtained in the BA (Linda, 2002). 1.2 Introduction This world is modifying. Both organizations and people currently compete in an international place of market. Consumers desire quality services and goods at aggressive prices. If the produce of a company cannot struggle, it will have not market. But this is main issue that as a corporation how to develop productivities and struggle with other corporations? Human resource management (HRM) must be utilised (Linda, 2002). HRM present to the practices and strategies required to carry out the individuals, or personal, features of a management level, containing recruiting, training, appraising and rewarding. As the compulsory section in HRM, performance management should be focused. Performance management is applying through nations such GDP, people and corporations. Performance management is about to achieve the excellent performance from people, but goes further in that it also focuses to achieve the excellent performance from the corporation and from the people as a whole. Performance management derives from the approach of management for human resource as an integrated and strategic method to the management and improvement of staffs. The method of evaluating, identifying and improving the performance of work for staffs in the corporation, so that the objectives and aims of corporation are additional successfully obtained, as at the similar time profiting staffs in terms of identification, getting response, catering for work requirements and giving support of profession (Alfred, 1970). Through process of performance management, strengths and talent of staffs, with areas, which need developments, are apparently recognised. This will make sure that staffs are ready for development of career (Stankard, 2002). Planning of Performance is the early phase for Process of Performance Management, manager are connected setting of goal and defining the job. Description for responsibility of job for all positions of employees is recognised throughout this early phase. Therefore, staffs are cleared of their aim and they have an excellent consideration about the direction of the corporation. The great participation and involvement of staffs, levels of performance are then recognised. Therefore, both the staffs and managers are capable to make the aims through presenting the plan and the exact aims (Irwin, 2002). Once strategy and aims are made, feedback and observation are carried out to make sure the success of staffs in obtaining expectations of performance (Campbell, 1973). The presentations of staffs are assessed and recorded. Bosses will then present response and compulsory training to staffs. The communication will be two-way and continuing. Expectation of job will be assessed and modified if compulsory. If hopes are completed, staffs must achieve identification and be supported. If performance falls short of anticipation, staffs shall be directed to support effectual approach to develop about obtaining specified aims. 1.3 British Airline British Airways is the biggest international passenger airline in the world. The important performance of British Airways and its subsidiary undertakings are the action of domestic and international charter and scheduled air services for the presence of travellers, mail and freight and the delivery of supplementary services. British Airways, which originated as Aircraft Transport and Travel, began its maiden every day international scheduled air services between Paris and London after World War 1 (Irwin, 2002). In 1939, government of UK combined Imperial Airways and British Airways to make British Overseas Airways, which became a government possessed corporation. Major operation of BOAC was services of long haul and British European Airways was initiatives to serve domestic, continental and market of Europe (Stankard, 2002). In 1976, British Airways began its first supersonic traveller service jointly with Air France. British Airways was privatised in 1987 and was merged with British Caledonian. In 2002, British Airways Citi Express was shaped through integration Bryman Airways and British Regional Airlines, which were entirely possessed subsidiaries. The Airline had 373 aircraft in operation as of September 30, 2001 (Irwin, 2002). In UK, the Airline presents most of the working services it needs for the managing of cargo and passengers. At international airports, apart from JFK, the subcontracts of Airline facility of the majority of its ground handling requirements. Ramp, runway and facilities of terminal are presented through operators of airport that charge airlines for implement of these services, mainly through charges of parking and landing. Facilities of navigation are presented to aircraft through countries through whose territory they fly or through international regions like Euro control. Duti es of navigation are normally based on space flown and load of aircraft. 1.4 Research Aim This research observes the system of performance management, which has become part for human resources of British airways. It defines the method related and the various kinds of performance management. 1.5 Research Objectives This is the major objective of this research to points out the requirement for rules and directions to govern performance management in British Airways because of modifications that have taken place in the company in current years. In the method of implementing and designing a latest style of performance management, the managers should play a task in the process of design, in educating staffs about the significance of the style, in deciding on fiscal and non-fiscal actions of performance. One more purpose of this paper is to identify the idea of performance appraisal and also observe the normal performance observing and mechanism of assessment in BA. To determine the various systems of performance management applied through the British Airways To investigate the perceptions of the employees of British Airways on the various systems of performance management applied to calculate their performance To study how the staffs of British Airline perceive the effects of performance management on their own performance To analyse the way by which the British Airlines employees are approaching the results of their performance management 1.6 Research Questions What is a Performance Management? What Are The Components of A Performance Management System? What Is Performance Appraisal? What kind of Performance management in BA? What is the roll of Performance Management in BA? What is the consequence of performance management in BA? Chapter 2 Literature Review 2.1 Introduction This part presents an assessment on current literature on concerned issues which makes the beginning source for the research. The literature review is separated into two groups where the first lives on relating of literatures on the issue of performance. In the same time the second group concentrates on the composed scorecard with its account and improvements observed (Marr, 2004). The features, customization and implementation of the scorecard are also discovered to confirm its significance in the situation of British airlines. The literature review also demonstrates the important success aspects and decides the main criteria of performance management for British Airways (Linda, 2002). Carter McNamara, (1997) defined that Performance management is a comprehensive method which highlight on the general association presentation to the companies and at the level of staffs. It furthermore leans to aim on the method to supply a goods or services in the company. Before that Alfred D. chandler, (1970) suggested the shift of Performance Management from structure of association to the workers for accomplishing excellent performance. Gary Cokins, (2008) characterised the multi-dimensional structure of association in order to performance management. Our reason of composing this item is to recount the connection between staffs performance management to accomplish its strategic aims. Employees Performance Management is a comprehensive method, which is founded on the workforce performance and the completion of organizational aims at all positions. The rudimentary beliefs behind the performance management is to evolving the position between the objectives of company, with the abilities and capabilities of staffs, furthermore it focus on the improvement and enhancement of the general method. Individuals mainly misperceive the performance management to the appraisal of performance; in genuine performance appraisal is assessing the past performance whereas performance management is a continuing method to assessing the completion of aims. Alan Nankervis, (2004) while managing his study in a British organisation discovers that there are some associations which distributed their objectives of corporations with their staffs. Different companies use the performance appraisal as in evaluation to the performance management in which the aim is made on the evaluation between t he performance measures being created through the company and the genuine performance of the workers while no one really contrasts the presentation contrary to the objectives of company (Glendinning, 2002). Performance management is the genuine topic as we work in the corporation for value command, in Quality founded association the target of the presentation is created on the accomplishment or fulfilment of the aims other than made standards. No question in performance management which is really the sub part of value command having different measures of performance but these presentation measures are very much associated with the objectives of companies (Stankard, 2002). 2.2 Shift from Performance Appraisal to Performance management Different researchers have been made in the performance appraisal but regrettably it did not present any acceptable outcomes as Thomas B. Wilson, (1994) tends to recount the performance appraisal as it did no work for the workers with on for the association except evolving the expiation or dissatisfaction. In the same way Wendy K. Soo Hoo, (2004) resolved two of his studies that 90% of the workers discovered the presentation appraisal as an unsuccessful. The causes he deduced from his study are like the Managers bypass presenting dependable critiques because they dont desire any clash. Normally managers fear the appraisal method as much as workers manage, so they delay and dont arrange sufficiently. Staffs can be disheartened through rankings and data from the study demonstrated that 80% of persons observe themselves in the top 25% of all performers. So 55% will be actually disheartened through dependable response about where they stand (Hal, 2008). We came to understand from all overhead consideration that appraisal of performance is not managing certain thing additional for the association and the association bestowed workers founded on the appraisal incapable to achieve the needed outcome. Reward does not modify the presentation of persons who perform solely for prize (Linda, 2002). Excellent remuneration scheme cannot ever be an excellent choice for the association for accomplishing its aims. On the contradict part it can discourage the workers due to inadequate circulation of pays on the cornerstone of performance appraisal (Marr, 2004). On the entire penalties of performance appraisal can guide lead to the down turn of general presentation of the company. On the opposite edge, Performance management of the workers is the plan which endow the companies to accomplish their aims through using the completely ability grade of their staffs. It starts when a worker connects the company and finishes when he departs his company (Glendinning, 2002). Glendinning, (2002) propose that performance management is the strategy which is presumed to be the requirement of the hour for and a replacement of early performance appraisal method. He farther contended that a corporation without a performance administration strategy has no dream for its future. Linda Gravette, (2006) with her study resolved that workers should be well renowned with the performance management strategy, used in the company and there must be a consideration with the workers about the extent and the assessment they are utilising for the evaluation of performance. 2.3 Role and Significance of Productive Performance Management System Modifying individual worker demeanour depends at the heart of organizational change plans. This is because they disregard or disturb made modification psychology values. Senior management can suppose that because they are prepared to pro-actively adopts modification; their workers will be identically pro-active. Though, enforcing activity on workers who are not arranged outcomes in clash (Glendinning, 2002). Usually, only 20 per cent of workers in companies are arranged to take affirmative activity in answer to initiatives of change. More than 70 per cent of latest strategic plans go incorrect for this reason. Therefore, to be thriving in forming demeanour, performance management strategy should accomplish acceptance through those being managed (Kaplan and Norton, 2000). Latest companies require replying additional competently to altering external and interior situations, and organizational discovering has become a significant strategic concentration (Marr, 2004). With expecting and answering to alterations in the natural environment through positive discovering involvements, different companies are developing into discovering companies. However, the inquiry of how to best change approaches through organizational discovering and improvements remain (Latham and Wexley, 1981). Actually, numerous change plans go incorrect because either organizational heritage is not prepared to modify at that period, or because they manage not foresee the influence of change on systems of human. Actions in the last cited class normally outcome in opposition and finally malfunction of the initiative of change. As cited earlier, one procedure that companies can apply to sway competencies of worker in a kind order with the change of company is to evolve robust performance management methods (Bank, 2007). 2.4 Necessary components of performance management System Andrà © A. de Waal; Vincent Coevert (2007), undertook a study for understanding the result on the output of the freshly applied performance management strategy in two public and personal banks. Outcomes of the study was that in personal part it made an important enhancement as in public part it did not play any important role. The cause behind this division of outcome was operation of the scheme in both of the banks and the philosophy of management. In management of public bank did not hassle sufficient for the implementation of the freshly evolved scheme as in personal bank the management endeavoured to apply it with its genuine soul (Kurtzman, 1993). So it is the management firm promise in the direction of the implementation that how pledged the managers is in order to performance management. Performance management and getting the needed demeanour is one of the centre matters which most of the association falls short to investigate in alignment to accomplish the needed aims (Glendinning, 2002). Demeanour of company must be evolved amidst the individual in a style which is presentation oriented and demeanour must be investigate and then changed to evolve the needed approach. The achievement of the plan is connected with anticipations of staffs if the workers anticipations fulfil with the plan of appraisal, then there affirmative connection and vice versa. The other thing which should be kept in mind while evolving the aims that it must be in accord with the workers and association ability. Person must be responsible in encouraging of a performance management strategy which really encourages the culture of value. Defining the identical things through Nonna Turusbekova (2007), recounts the requirement of the value management plan in the company to achieve yearning manners of employees because employees generally breaches the directions and detract the value methods. The rudimentary reason of performance management strategy is to conceiving the position in between the association aims and its sub strategy to accomplish the association aims, Carter McNamara, (2008). In modern company must be a balanced performance management strategy to accomplish the companies aims. With strategically utilising the performance management strategy companies can evolve its presentation measures, can evolve the assessment and then accounts the result for farther enhancement and in this a relentless method hold running. In TQM methods Performance management strategy play a significant function for evolving with assessing and accomplishing the aims. The improvements like metrics, catalogues must be agreed with the plan in the value method to the companies. A balance performance management strategy initiative was taken by Kaplan; Norton, (1992) to accomplish the dream of company strategically. Balance score business card concentrating on the four enterprise potential i .e. economic, clientele approval, enterprise method and the company discovering and modern culture (Kaplan and Norton, 1996). A review resolute that the businesses apply a mean of 13 management devices at the business position. These devices are proposed to assist assess or supervise the presentation of an association, and inside this the most well liked performance associated device was the Balanced Scorecard. In the nonattendance of a rudimentary strategic situation, managers discovered it complicated to acquiesce on a befitting set of assesses of organizational performance (Ambrose Runyard, 1992). Balance scorecard is the stage for assessing the association presentation having cooperating with economic and non- fiscal facets of business (Federal regulations, 2001). 2.5 British Airways British Airways has started a balanced sequence of non-fiscal and fiscal symbols of performance to increase its position of performance management. These are the key performance indicators (KPI) of British Airways: 2.5.1 Economic For the future of British Airways and to return their shareholders, BA has to keep a stable and powerful monetary performance. 2.5.2. Operation Margin That is the working income separated through income, which is demonstrated as a percentage is a compulsory style of measuring the monetary performance. BA has set an aim of getting 10% of working margin gradually in the coming monetary years. BA has obtained their aim of 10% working margin in 2007/08. Despite of different financial situations and increasing costs of fuel in the latter six months, business plan of BA has supported to obtain the set aim for the year 2007/08. 2.5.3 Customers Word of mouth is a significant feature for the achievement of the BA. To have an excellent recognition of the consumers, BA has an important operative method in position. This is an on-board review which is performed through a free market research corporation. Monthly about 55,000 passengers are reviewed about all features of their knowledge of flight with BA. The review supports to calculate the percentage of passengers who are going to suggest BA to others (Bank, 2007). This review supports to assess the situation to which passenger knowledge can influence the income of the corporation in future. BA has focused an aim of 63% passengers to be in the group of exceptionally likely or precise likely. BP10 plan of BA has attempted to redefine the capacity made to the passengers under the caption BA Basics and Brilliance. BA has obtained 59% in the passengers proposal measure. In 2007/08 BA had a reduction of 2% as contrasted to the last year which was attributed to the deprived performa nce at Heathrow? British Airways is focusing on developing their products of on-board and also on ground passenger service. BA is financing on presenting excellent facilities to the passengers through attempting to raise the sign of passenger suggestion. Performance of BA on this sign was 61% in 2006/07 and 59% in 2007/08. 2.5.4 Operations BA has to perform its performance dynamically if they have to please anticipations of passengers and also to operate the company, cost successfully. Heathrow being at the centre for operations of BA with its organization restrictions had an important strain on performing the actions keeping excellent quality, continually. Business strategy of BA has focused on five important fields of working performance. In these five, keeping time in departure is the compulsory measure of working performance. Timekeeping supports in the smooth working of the rest of working method and is an important aspect in affecting decision of passenger in proposing BA to others. This aspect is calculated through measuring how different flights of BA are all set to depart 3 minutes before to the planned time (Bank, 2007). 2.5.5 Employees One of the important features which affect the performance of BA is involvement of its staffs. They must be inspired, dedicated to the aim, values and aims of the BA and must be prepare for the modification and to serve the passengers. In 2006/07 BA has system of Index for Employee Involvement, which is focused through all staff speak up. The goal of the review is to focus and match the scores of other important companies in airline sector and BA has set an aim target of 73% in 2007/08. They obtained 65% which 5% less than the performance of last year. Plan of BA concentrates at financing in the growth of abilities of the staffs, through presenting proper educating and allowing them to be capable to do the job positively. 2.5.6 Performance Performance is described as the process or action of performing. One more description of the word demonstrates the abilities of a product or machine. Lebas (1995) demonstrates performance as the future possibility to perform especial activities to effectively obtain set aims within the presented time structure and restrictions of the actor and the condition. Performance in one situation can bring an entirely dissimilar definition when applied in a disparate situation. For instance, performance in an environment of computer system can mean the efficiency and effectiveness of the tools applied in efforts of telecommunication. Performance in a deal of business can explain to finish and present charges that have been approved upon based on a written agreement between the purchaser and seller (Hope, 2003). Conversely, performance can be described as the real outcomes obtained contrasted to outcomes that were anticipated or wished. The variations in real outcomes contrasted to what was anticipated is identified a gap of performance. Therefore improvement of performance is required to narrow the gaps, if any there (Ittner and Larcker, 1998). Performance must be about acquiring or achieving aims that has been focused earlier to operating the act or work. Performance is the time test of any plan. If the proper amount of attempt is presented to achieve anticipated presentation, quality is obtainable. Additionally, the description of performance very much relies on the condition and restricts also who holds the making of decision with concerns to the performance obtained (Hope, 2003). 2.6 Performance Measurement (PM) PM can be demonstrated as a method of reviewing the accomplishments of a person, group or even a company with regards to achieving focused aims through statistical proof which can come in the style of monetary data, share of market, or even the assets one has. According to the research, the leadership of a company plays a vital task in deciding the success and future of the corporation (Armstrong, 2001). In spite of concentrating on numerical values like enhancing production, the higher management of companies must play duty of prioritizing current assets of the corporation like nurturing and appreciating the contributions of employees in terms of the views they present, servicing and acknowledging the requirements of consumers as developing on what the company does best in spite of venturing too much into latest areas that do not assure achievement (Cooper, 1989). PM was normally connected to obtaining positive monetary outcomes where metrics created for calculation relied a lot on financial achievements which in a style or another supported vast improvements of different packages of accounting. Since the 1990s and 2000s, people have begun to critique the job and entire depend on monetary signs as missing other compulsory aspects that demonstrate the overall health of companies. Companies begun to feel the significance of calculating further fields of performance that can demonstrate the between the company and its assets in spite of relying only on monetary signs that tend to explain earlier accomplishments and aims of short term rather than concentrate on the upcoming direction of the company (Lawrie and Cobbold, 2004). Folan and Browne (2005) demonstrated that in the following years, the development of PM would keep and it would move towards concentrating on the external situation of a company. In spite of the common system of considering that a company has apparent limits and finite connection with other companies, development of PM will gradually turn its focus to contrasting the health of a company with its opponents (Armstrong, 2001). Figure demonstrates the development of dimension and how the concentration of PM has modified from monetary concentration to operational and strategic through the years. (Armstrong, 2001) PM plays three vital tasks in controlling performance. Firstly, PM presents cooperation through narrowing the concentration and focus of policy makers on the significances and aims of the company (Gary, 2008). Then, it presents a method for observing though applying reports of performance to confirm how well anticipations of stakeholders have been achieved up to now. PM serves as an analytic tool in assessing the motive and influence connections between arrangements taken and the outcomes obtained thereby permitting corrective activities to be taken to develop any unwanted conditions. Henri (2006) additionally discloses that from the three tasks recognised, the knowledge achieved can be applied to clarify activities reserved and strategies for future businesses. PM brings also the concentration of officials to important success aspects for the companies and aims that must be the goal of employees (Ordiorne, 1965). PM permits BA to decide its present position with relation to last accomplishments, the final aim of the company, the excellent systems for achieving the aim and how the company can establish if its aim is realized and complete.

Mental Health Services And Policy Social Work Essays

Mental Health Services And Policy Social Work Essays Mental Health is thus the emotional and spiritual resilience, which enables us to enjoy life and to survive pain and disappointment and sadness.  It is a positive sense of well-being and an underlying belief on our own and others dignity and worth. Recent transnational and national policies on mental health adopt a broader view than the traditional psychiatric model.  Ã‚   This approach is directed at promoting good mental health, preventing mental ill health and ensuring early intervention when mental health problems occur. It involves looking beyond prevention, to the relationship between mental well-being and physical health; behavioural problems; child abuse; violence and drug and alcohol abuse.  Ã‚   In promotion and prevention policies such social determinants as living and working conditions; homelessness; poverty, social networks and support, unemployment and risk taking behaviour are included. In effect it means addressing the mental health impact of public policies, p rogrammes and plans like: Combating homelessness Preventing ghettos and marginalisation Promoting equity Providing safe water, sanitation and shelter Taking care of families with children and their needs Enhancing accessible environments There have been two big changes in mental health services in recent years. The first was the introduction of care in the community. This was meant to enable mental health service users to live in their own homes and neighbourhoods with suitable support instead of going into or staying in hospital. The second is the development of the mental health service survivors movement. This has made it possible for service users to speak for themselves, say what they want and to try and improve the way they are treated. What are the main issues facing this special population, particularly around access, quality, and cost-effective care? Considerable emphasis was given throughout need to rebalance mental health policy to give a higher priority to promotion and, where possible, prevention. Like public health policy more generally, mental health suffers from the emphasis given to acute, hospital-based care, which continues to receive most of the resources and attention. The notion of empowerment receives a great deal of lip service, but deep-seated issues of power and professional status are at stake and should not be ignored. Bringing service users and their families into hitherto closed decision-making practices and arenas can be threatening for professionals and disempowering for the users and families. The process should be transparent and designed to benefit everyone concerned. No single model of care is perfect, although some are clearly more attractive and effective than others. Different countries have different models to offer, and they should embrace diversity as an advantage. Countries should be open to and invest in innovation and change, and search for new ways to tackle familiar problems. There is a need for better information about developments in the Region and for comparative data on European countries where appropriate. Collecting them may be a task for public health observatories, for which a European movement now exists. The need for and importance of learning within and more particularly between countries in the Region was stressed. Well-placed and -equipped to undertake the task of education and to help countries transform knowledge into action. The great bulk of mental disorders are high prevalence disorders such as depression, anxiety, alcohol related disorders and somatiform disorders. These have evidence based treatments. Developments in services should not be stalled by the fact that there are still many unanswered questions. There are plenty of opportunities for true innovation in the primary care metal health arena. The general practice workforce has an important role in managing these disorders but cannot do it alone. Especially in rural areas extra resources need to be spent in provision of accessible services that are evidence based. This needs to encompass the full range of services from specialist psychiatrist services through to support groups, self help manuals and computer based programs. Further development though Divisions needs to be done in a measured way and needs to engage Divisions and their members and meet their agendas firstly. 2. What are some public policies that would support the needs of this special population? Both theoretically and methodologically, health research has recently increasingly focussed on cohesion in communities and societies, peoples integrative needs and action models that promote integration. The level of benefits such as income support is low. Because of this it is crucial for mental health service users who are eligible to secure disability benefits. Although these benefits are important to maintain peoples quality of life, they are generally difficult to get and may be difficult to keep. Mental health services are provided by health and social services through care management and the care programme approach. Underfunding and problems of coordination mean that the support service users receive is often inadequate, inappropriate and unreliable. Unlike most other social care service users, mental health service users/survivors are liable to have their rights restricted and may be subject to legally sanctioned detention, compulsory treatment and control over their lives and opportunities. The government says that care in the community has failed. Present proposals for mental health policy and practice place a special emphasis on the danger and risk from mental health service users and the importance of safeguarding public safety. Provisions for more compulsory treatment, including the extension of compulsion to people living in the community and locking up people labelled as having personality disorder that have not been convicted of any offence, are planned. Clearly, no one policy or program will be sufficient to meet all the needs of those who choose to parent, but a combination of services that fill in the gaps left by modern-day changes to traditional care giving networks can make a significant difference in the lives of individuals and families and lead to improved public health measures. Home visitation programs, if implemented correctly, can be one effective piece of this pie. Service users have so far had little or no say in the governments proposed changes. They fear that these will result in their rights being further restricted and being subjected against their will to damaging treatments. They fear that because of this, many service users will try and avoid mental health services at any cost and be denied any support. They fear that government mental health policy will increase rather than reduce social exclusion as it is meant to.

Ethics, Pharmacists and Robert R. Courtney Essay -- Ethics in Pharmac

In July 2001 Robert R. Courtney’s illegal and highly unethical behavior was brought to the attention of local authorities and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). Courtney’s blatant disregard for the trust patients placed in him was evidenced by his daily violations of their rights and expectations while he supposedly provided quality healthcare service. By August 2001, following investigation, the FBI filed 20 federal charges against Courtney that carried a maximum prison sentence of 196 years (United Press International, 2002). $8 million of his assets which were estimated to be in excess of $10 million were frozen to be used as restitution for victims in the criminal case. Following a plea agreement Courtney’s prison sentence was pared down to 30 years and he and his company received a $15 million fine Patients Rights and Expectations of Healthcare Services Formed in 1997 by President Clinton the President`s Advisory Commission on Consumer Protection and Quality in the Health Care reported out in 1998 and provided the first ever Patient’s Bill of Rights. This Patient’s Bill of Rights is still in use today and contains eight rights of patients using healthcare services. The first and most important is the patient’s right to information about health plans, healthcare professionals, and healthcare facilities. Information to patients must be concise and clearly understood regardless of any physical disabilities or language barriers. This straightforward information will enable patients to make informed decisions regarding their health care. Second is a patient’s right to their choice of healthcare providers and plans. The third right is their ability to access emergency services when they are injured, ... ...ress. (2004). New sentence sought in diluted drugs case. In LJWorld.com website. Retrieved July 6, 2011, from http://www2.ljworld.com/news/2004/aug/30/new_sentence_sought/. The Patient Care Partnership. (2011). The Patient Care Partnership. In American Hospital Association website. Retrieved July 7, 2011, from http://www.aha.org/aha/issues/Communicating-With-Patients/pt-care-partnership.html. United Press International. (2002). Millionaire Pharmacist Admits Diluting Cancer Drugs. In NewsMax.com Wires website. Retrieved July 6, 2011, from http://archive.newsmax.com/archives/articles/2002/2/23/115445.shtml. Young, D. (2001). Hospital, Pharmacy Groups Reassure Patients After Kansas City Scandal. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists website. Retrieved June 13, 2011, from http://www.ashp.org/menu/News/PharmacyNews/NewsArticle.aspx?id=753.

Buddhism and the Matrix Essay -- essays research papers

The One In the film The Matrix Keanu Reeves plays Thomas A. Anderson, who is a man living a double life. One part of his life consists of working for a highly respectable software company. The second part of his life he is a hacker under the alias "Neo." One day Neo is approached by Morpheus (Laurence Fishburne) and is taught that everything he thought was real was actually The Matrix, a computer program developed by machines in order to use human beings as batteries. Morpheus has been searching his whole life for â€Å"the one† to end the war between the humans and machines. Morpheus feels Neo is the chosen one, the one who will set everyone free from the Matrix. Neo is reluctant to accept this responsibility, but through various mission and encounters he realizes that he is capable of this feat and allows himself to embody what is to be considered â€Å"the one.† Within the storyline of The Matrix there are many signs of Buddhism. The first of which is the idea of Samsara. Samsara is the process of death and rebirth, characterized by suffering, in which all beings are caught (Strong, 370). Suffering is a result of unawareness and yearning, which keeps humans locked in an illusion until they are able to recognize that their reality is false and they are able to renounce this false sense of self. This is related to the matrix because Morpheus explains it to be merely a â€Å"mental projection of your digital self,† and ...

Red Badge Of Courage :: essays research papers

Article Review on "Red Badge of Courage" The book Red Badge of Courage, is about a physical and emotional pain that a solider of the Civil War might of went through. The soldiers pain comes from all of the horrible things associated with war. The main character, Henery Fleming, joins the Union army dreaming of the heroic things he will accomplish. During the war he discovers that war is not so great and becomes real unsure of himself. Henry then meets up with his friend Jim Then halfway through the book he confronts his cowardice and gains a realistic and sense of duty and responsibility. When the novel ends he has conquered his fear. Then Henry meets Wilson, the loud solider, who I think represents the two sides of human nature. Wilson is a mean and tough guy that no one likes and then towards the end of the book he finds that he really cares about Henry. While Henry is dealing with all of his emotions they are moving into war. The book Red Badge of Courage is insightful because it gives great detail about the hardship of war, the physical and emotional side of it. It shows how a young solider of the Civil War would have felt and also it shows all his fears. It is not just about war and the fighting, the book gives details about the camp and the other soldiers that Henry Flemmings interacts with. Stephen Crane has a unique writing style because it is very symbolic and it paints a lot of pictures for you. Crane is very imaginative and takes a look from one viewpoint into an isolated person and his relationship with society. I believe the book was well writing at times because some parts could have used more detail. It would have been easier to understand. Some parts of the book I felt like I was really there but others it just felt so distance. This work is important because of its historical value that it has with the Civil War. It tells not just about the war itself and what is going on but the emotion al side of a young solider. It tells how soldiers break down in war and that all of them are heroes at sometime in the war. I learned from the book that you must face your fears and that if you run from them once then the next time you must face them.

Portrayal of Family in Huckleberry Finn Essay

Huck is a kind of natural philosopher, skeptical of social doctrines, and willing to set forth new ideas. However, when it comes to the idea of a family, Huck is ignorant in all ways. Nevertheless, Huck’s adventures throughout the novel present him with opportunities to gain the family that he has secretly wanted all his life because of his lack of compassion from his remaining family. This new discovery to a family begins with Tom Sawyer. Tom Sawyer initiated himself as the decision-maker, with Huck listeing without argument, much like a big brother little brother relationship. In the first few chapters of the book, Huck Finn and Tom Sawyer are established as foils for each other-characters whose actions and traits contrast each other in a way that gives readers a better understanding of both characters. Due to these contrasts, Tom has established himself as Huck’s older brother. Later on in the book, Huck comes across the Grangerford family. The Grangerford family is a tragic family in a huge predicament similar to Romeo and Juliet. Huck finds himself attached to the family in a way. â€Å"Everybody loved to have him (Col. Grangerford) around, too; he was sunshine most always-I mean he made it seem like good weather. † Huck cries over Buck’s body because Huck has begun to think of Buck as a friend as well as a brother. Huck finds the feud that the Gangerford’s have with the Shepherdson’s unnecessary and harmful, and believes it will only bring hurt and loss to both sides, which it inevitably does. The future losses, which are inescapable hurt Huck because he feels connected to each family member in a different way, even the dead sister, Emmeline. Throughout all these situations that Huck goes through, Jim has supported him, even when Jim was not with Huck at every time. Jim first met up with Huck on the island. Jim escaped Widow Douglas’s home because he was to be sold down south, which would separate Jim from his family forever. Jim is hands down the most important person to Huck throughout the novel, putting himself in a category as one of Huck’s new family members. Jim has been associated as Huck’s father figure. During their time together, Jim and Huck make up a sort of alternative family in an alternative place, apart from society. Huck escaped from society for adventure and a new life, while Jim has escaped from society so that he wouldn’t be separated from his family by being sold down south. Jim is based off of his love, whether it’s for his family or his growing love for Huck. Jim was thought of by Huck as a stupid, ignorant slave in the beginning of the novel, but as Huck spends more time with Jim, Huck realizes that Jim has a different kind of knowledge based off of his years as well as his experiences with love. In the incidents of the floating house and Jim’s snakebite, Jim uses his knowledge to benefit both of them but also seeks to protect Huck. Jim is less imprisoned by conventional wisdom than Huck, who has grown up at least partly in mainstream white society. Jim proves his humanity to Huck by baring himself emotionally to Huck, expressing a longing for his family and his guilt when Jim mentions the time he beat his daughter when she did not deserve it. Nevertheless, throughout their time together, Huck has still had the idea of turning Jim in. Huck searches the social and religious belief systems that white society has taught him for a way out of his predicament about turning Jim in. In the end, Huck is unable to pray because he cannot truly believe in these systems, for he cares too much about Jim to deny Jim’s existence and humanity. â€Å"It was a close place. I took . . . up (the letter I’d written to Miss Watson), and held it in my hand. I was a-trembling, because I’d got to decide, forever, betwixt two things, and I knowed it. I studied a minute, sort of holding my breath, and then says to myself: â€Å"All right then, I’ll go to hell†Ã¢â‚¬â€and tore it up. It was awful thoughts and awful words, but they was said. And I let them stay said; and never thought no more about reforming†. The logical consequences of Huck’s action as well as Huck’s growing affection for Jim, rather than the lessons society has taught him, drive Huck to tear up the letter. Though he does not admit this truth to himself, Huck trades his fate for Jim’s and as a result, accepts the life of a black man as equal to is own. By helping the doctor treat Tom after Tom was shot in the leg as well as shielding Huck from seeing his father’s corpse, Jim affirms that he is not only a decent human being, but also a model father. Huck’s feelings about society and the adult world are based on his negative experience, the main one being Huck’s drunk abusive father, â€Å"Pap†. â€Å"Paphe hadn’t been seen for more than a year, and that was comfortable for me; I didn’t want to see him no more†. Although Huck was free from his father for a long time, the new judge in town returns Huck to Pap because he privileges Pap’s â€Å"rights† over Huck’s welfare, much like the relationship between a slave and a master. The judge fails to take into account Pap’s drunkenness and abusive past, which puts Huck in a sizable predicament. Because of Pap’s abusive nature and drunkenness, Pap fails Huck in providing Huck with a set of beliefs and values that are consistent and satisfying to Huck, making Pap fail as a father figure in another way. Although Pap is a hideous, hateful man in nearly every aspect, Huck does not immediately abandon him when given the chance. Huck is grasping on the final thread he has of family. Huck truly believes in the sense of family, and desperately wants it, but at the same time, is scared by the idea (won’t let Widow Douglas close). By placing hope in the wrong person (Pap), Huck misses out on the possibility of a good family with Widow Douglas. As apposed to Jim, who represents the best of white society even though he is black, Pap represents the worst of white society: he is illiterate, ignorant, violent, and profoundly racist. Though to a very small degree, Huck has been led to believe the same. Pap represents the true evil in the book, making Huck’s belief in a family cynical and saddened. Through Huck’s adventures on the Mississippi River, he has created new homes for himself at the locations of his new family members as well as comfort zones for Huck. Huck and Jim, both alienated from society in fundamental ways, first find home on the island where they meet up. The island provides a pastoral, dreamlike setting: a safe peaceful place where food is abundant. Through two incidents on the island (the floating house and Jim’s snake bit), Huck and Jim are reminded that no location is safe for them. Because of this Jim and Huck leave on a raft as an escape from both being caught, as well as civilization and society as well. â€Å"We said there warn’t no home like a raft, after all. Other places do seem so cramped up and smothery, but a raft don’t. You feel mighty free and easy and comfortable on a raft. † Huck and Jim’s raft becomes a sort of haven of brotherhood, equality, and growing affection, as both find refuge and peace from a society that has treated them badly. Compared to the outrageous incidents onshore, the raft represents a retreat from the outside world, the site of simple pleasures and good companionship. Huck and Jim do not have to answer to anyone on the raft, and it represents a kind of utopian life for them. They try to maintain this idyllic separation from society and its problems, but as the raft makes its way southward, unsavory influences from onshore repeatedly invade the world of the raft. In a sense, Twain’s portrayal of life on the raft and the river is a romantic one, but tempered by the realistic knowledge that the evils and problems of the world are inescapable. Through different events, Huck ends up at the Phelps’s’ house. Although the reason Huck goes to the Phelps’s’ house in the first place is to find Jim, he still finds a sense of home there. When caught creeping around the house, Huck was caught. Aunt Sally came out, mistaking him for her nephew, who is inevitably Tom Sawyer. Huck pretends to be his best friend Tom so that he could find a way to help Jim as well as stay out of trouble. Although Aunt Sally thinks Huck is Tom, she still gives off that motherly vibe, even after Huck mentions his deception. After the final escape, the Phelp’s house seems to come to even more life then it was before. Aunt Sally smothers the boys, Aunt Polly scolds, and everyone bumbles along Ultimately, readers are left questioning the meaning of what we has been read: perhaps Twain means the novel as a reminder that life is ultimately a matter of imperfect information and ambiguous situations, and that the best one can do is to follow one’s head and heart. Perhaps Twain means also to say that black Americans may be free in a technical sense, but that they remain chained by a society that refuses to acknowledge their rightful and equal standing as individuals. Unfortunately, these questions seldom have straightforward answers, and thus the ending of the novel contains as many new problems as solutions.